Formulation of Cream Extract  Kratom Leaf (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) as Analgesic in Mice (Mus musculus)

Amanda Nur Annafi; fajar prasetya; Abdul Rahim

doi:10.30872/jtpc.v10i1.382

Authors

Amanda Nur Annafi Universitas Mulawarman Author
fajar prasetya Study Program of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1020-0423
Abdul Rahim Excipient Material Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/jtpc.v10i1.382

Keywords:

analgesic, cream, extract, hot plate, Kratom leaf

Abstract

Pain is an unpleasant sensation caused by tissue damage. One alternative pain management is the use of topical analgesics in the form of creams. Kratom leaves (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) are known to contain alkaloids that have analgesic potential. This study aims to formulate a cream preparation of kratom leaf extract and evaluate its physical characteristics and analgesic activity. The cream preparations were made in three variations of extract concentrations: 10%, 25%, and 50%. Physical quality evaluation showed that all formulas met the organoleptic requirements, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesiveness with an oil-in-water emulsion type. The pH value of the preparation was in the range of 4.56–5.50, viscosity 4,266–24,766 cPs, spreadability 5.05–5.66 cm, and adhesiveness 4.64–22.91 seconds. Increasing the extract concentration caused a color change in the preparation from light brown to dark brown. Analgesic activity testing using the hot plate method showed that all formulas had analgesic activity indicated by an increase in the pain threshold after administration of the preparation. The percentage increase in the pain threshold in Formula I (10%) was 14.35%, Formula II (25%) was 17.17%, and Formula III (50%) was 20.68%, while the positive control (counterpain cream) was 33.07% and the negative control (cream base) was 0%. This study concluded that cream formulated with kratom leaf extract exhibited analgesic activity as evidenced by the increase in pain threshold in mice.

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